Mesopotamia+Persian

** CHART: CHARACTERISTICS OF A CIVILIZATION OR CULTURE **
** NAME: Matthew M—Mesopotamia PERIOD: 5 DATE: 9/19/10 **

· ** Leaders, Elites ** · ** State Structure ** · ** War ** · ** Diplomacy, Treaties ** · **Courts, Laws** || ** Notable Rulers-Hammurabi, Sargon of Akkad, Nebuchadnezzar ** ** Hammurabi’s Code of Law-eye for an eye justice, weighted according to status in society 18th century BCE. ** ** 3000 BCE Sumer-->Akkad-->Babylonians--> Assyrians-->6th century BCE New Babylonians ** ** Each city state was ruled by king with nobles in Sumer, but the rest were controlled by central government ** || · ** Type of System ** · ** Technology, Industry ** · ** Trade, Commerce ** · ** Capital/Money ** · **Types of Businesses** || ** Agrarian society, so plenty of irrigation technology ** ** Bronze, Iron metallurgy ** ** Wheel used by Sumerians ** ** Ship-building helped with long range trade w/Egypt, India ** ** Priestly elites were also used as bank, charity ** ** Educated became scribes, government officials, priests ** || · ** Holy Books ** · ** Beliefs, Teachings ** · ** Conversion ** · ** Sin/Salvation ** · **Deities** || ** Community gods | Each city-state had a particular god also ** ** Ziggurats were huge temples ** || · ** Family ** · ** Gender Relations ** · ** Social Classes ** · ** Inequalities ** · **Life Styles** || ** Patriarchal society but women could participate in public life ** ** Women slowly lost rights as time went on | Slavery was accepted ** ** Stratified society-Royalty was hereditary and god given-->Priestly class **** à **** Free commoners **** à **** Dependent clients(Sharecropper-like) **** à **** Slaves ** || · ** Art, Music ** · ** Writing, Literature ** · ** Philosophy ** · ** Math & Science ** · **Education** || ** Cuneiform writing-2900 BCE Epic of Gilgamesh ** ** Mesopotamian conventions-12 months in a year, 60 minutes/hour ** ** Math and Astronomy were important for Agricultural society ** ** Phoenicians, who adopted Mesopotamian culture, formed phonetic alphabet ** || · ** Location ** · ** Physical ** · ** Movement ** · ** Human/Environment ** · **Region** || ** Location: Fertile Crescent in Modern day Iraq, Syria ** ** Floodplain of Tigris and Euphrates Rivers ** ** first agricultural city states civilization-before 5000 BCE ** ** Fertile land, efficient irrigation networks ** ||
 * = POLITICAL =
 * = ECONOMIC =
 * == RELIGIOUS ==
 * == SOCIAL ==
 * == INTELLECTUAL, Arts ==
 * == NEAR: GEOGRAPHY ==

** NOTES: **