Medieval+Western+Europe

CHART: CHARACTERISTICS OF A CIVILIZATION OR CULTURE NAME: ____Anna Hansell____ PERIOD: ___5____ DATE: ______________ · **Leaders, Elites** · **State Structure** · **War** · **Diplomacy, Treaties** · **Courts, Laws** || ** Years 500-1500: postclassical, any large scale centralized rule disappeared. Fragmented, regional kingdoms, or manors replaced Roman authority. Written roman law encouraged fines and penalties instead of feuds and vendettas. European feudalism: knights and lords, land based. Serfdom replaced slavery. ** · **Type of System** · **Technology, Industry** · **Trade, Commerce** · **Capital/Money** · **Types of Businesses** || ** Money exchange changed back to bartering. (Roman) roads fell apart. Later on agricultural expansion led to growth in long distance trade, ex. Northern Europe from England to Baltic coast. ** || · **Holy Books** · **Beliefs, Teachings** · **Conversion** · **Sin/Salvation** · **Deities** || ** Roman Catholic Church (relatively separate from state compared to caesaropapsim). Hierarchical organization modeled on Roman empire, became extremely wealthy. Top-down conversion strategy. Also involuntary Holy Roman Emperor from Leo III for Charlemagne. Church willing to compromise, amulets and charms became medals of Jesus and Mary, December 25 chosen as Jesus’ birthday because it was associated with winter solstice. syncretic faith. ** || · **Family** · **Gender Relations** · **Social Classes** · **Inequalities** · **Life Styles** || ** People: Goths, Visigoths, Franks, Lombard’s, Angles, Saxons, were dominant people. Serf family, women weaving, men laboring, receiving protection and small farm from lord. 11-13th centuries women had more job opportunities, 15th century these opportunities declined. ** || · **Art, Music** · **Writing, Literature** · **Philosophy** · **Math & Science** · **Education** || ** Literacy rate lessened. Nunneries were one of the places women could get education. St Thomas Aquinas used reason to make the Summa Theologica. ** || · **Location** · **Physical** · **Movement** · **Human/Environment** · **Region** || ** Western Europe located far western end of Eurasian landmass. Location far from growing trade routes, silk road and Indian ocean trade. ** ||
 * =POLITICAL=
 * Later on, Crusades (holy wars). ** ||
 * =ECONOMIC=
 * == RELIGIOUS ==
 * == SOCIAL ==
 * == INTELLECTUAL, artS ==
 * == NEAR: GEOGRAPHY ==

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