Australia-19th+century

CHART: CHARACTERISTICS OF A CIVILIZATION OR CULTURE NAME: Annie PERIOD: __DATE:__ Australia · **Leaders, Elites** · **State Structure** · **War** · **Diplomacy, Treaties** · **Courts, Laws** || ** -Colonized by Britain during 19th century ** · **Type of System** · **Technology, Industry** · **Trade, Commerce** · **Capital/Money** · **Types of Businesses** || ** Imperial Britain kept them from trading w/ anyone else. ** · **Holy Books** · **Beliefs, Teachings** · **Conversion** · **Sin/Salvation** · **Deities** || ** -Native religions (Ayers Rock sacred to Aboriginies) ** · **Family** · **Gender Relations** · **Social Classes** · **Inequalities** · **Life Styles** || ** -European settlements/diseases reduced Native population by 75% by 1900 ** · **Art, Music** · **Writing, Literature** · **Philosophy** · **Math & Science** · **Education** || ** -European; same as Britain with literature, philosophy, and education were all important to the Eurpoean immigrants and their descendants. ** || · **Location** · **Physical** · **Movement** · **Human/Environment** · **Region** || ** -On it’s own continent in the southern Indian-Pacific Ocean near New Zealand and Oceania **
 * =POLITICAL=
 * -Originally a colony where prisoners were sent. By the 19th century Australia's six states were inhabited with either convict colonies or immigrant colonies (these were on the coast). **
 * -Self-government was granted in the late 1800s. British Parliament approved a constitution in 1901, and soon 2 political parties were formed: the Australian Labor Party and the Liberals. ** ||
 * =ECONOMIC=
 * -Had businesses like merchants, etc. **
 * -not industrialized right away due to its beginning purpose **
 * -Due to the geography of the continent and the "outback", the economy relied on cattle and sheep raising and not farming. Wool and wheat were major exports to England. **
 * -Eventually gold and copper lead to a gold rush in 1851, attracting immigrants from all over the world **
 * http://worldhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/317195?terms=Australia** ||
 * == RELIGIOUS ==
 * -Christianity (protestant) **
 * -Many tried to convert Aborigines. One method of doing so was capturing young Aboriginal children and converting them, sending them to live in "civilized" society. (ex: Rabbit Proof Fence movie from World Cultures) ** ||
 * == SOCIAL ==
 * -Became “neo-European” society (a settler colony) **
 * -Native culture became obsolete with arrival of the British **
 * -Classes divided, natives were in the lowest class **
 * -Culture remained very European ** ||
 * == INTELLECTUAL, artS ==
 * == NEAR: GEOGRAPHY ==
 * -Populated only by natives until British arrived. **
 * -Region called the “outback” is a very tough, dry, arid place. No settlements of any kind, even today, found there. All major cities are coastal. **
 * -Natives migrated from Southeast Asia about 40,000 years ago over a land bridge **
 * -Coral reefs common along coast-largest in the world is the Great Barrier Reef ** ||

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